Whether Arctic warming influences mid-latitude weather is debated. A new study shows that the response to heating may depend on how high up the air is heated.

In the real reality, a pathway from sea ice to midlatitude weather has been observed. In most realities it would never have occurred.

Extreme stratospheric events impact weather at the surface. New research suggest the troposphere causes the events.

Near the end of the last ice age, the global sea level rose 12–14 meters in less than 350 years. New research traces almost half of the ice melt to Norway and the Barents Sea.

El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) influences weather all over the globe. Clio Michel writes about new research on changes in the response if the Paris Agreement targets are met. 

The oceans twilight zone, the dimply lit part between the sunlit surface and the dark abyss is home to mysterious ways of life. In a recent Nature comment an international group of scientists propose that the exploration of this region should be pursued in a collective joined up way across the international scientific community.

Eirik Vinje Galaasen and colleagues presents a new study in Science that reveals gradual warming could trigger the ocean circulation to enter a more variable and chaotic state. 

How can the remains of ancient forests tell about a varying landscape? John Birks writes about his review paper on Quaternary botany.

While El Niños are normally associated with wet winters in Europe, Martin King was surprised to find the most extreme cases linked to drought.

Sediments are archives of past climates – provided you know when they were deposited. Sevasti Eleni Modestou uses lead to clock past events.